• Bos javanicus d'Alton, 1823 banteng
  banteng
  
• Bos primigenius (Bojanus, 1827) oerrund
  auroch
  
• Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 rund
  cattle
  
• Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas, 1766) nijlgau
  nilgai
  
• Botaurus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758) roerdomp
  Eurasian bittern
  
• Brachypelma smithi (Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) Mexicaanse roodknietarantula
  Mexican redknee tarantula
  
• Brachyphylla cavernarum Gray, 1834 Antillean fruit-eating bat
  
• Bradypus tridactylus Linnaeus, 1758 drievingerige luiaard
  pale-throated sloth
  
• Branta bernicla (Linnaeus, 1758) rotgans
  brant goose
  
• Branta leucopsis (Bechstein, 1803) brandgans
  barnacle goose
  
• Branta ruficollis (Pallas, 1769) roodhalsgans
  red-breasted goose
  
• Branta sandvicensis (Vigors, 1834) hawaiigans
  nene
  
• Brocchinia reducta Baker (1882) vleesetende bromelia
  carnivorous bromeliad
  
• Bubalus bubalis (Linnaeus, 1758) waterbuffel
  water buffalo
  
• Bubalus depressicornis (Smith, 1827) anoa
  anoa
  
• Bubalus palaeokerabau Dubois, 1908 fossiele waterbuffel
  extinct water buffalo
  
• Bubo bubo (Linnaeus, 1758) oehoe
  Eurasian eagle-owl
  
• Bubo lacteus (Temminck, 1820) Verreaux' oehoe
  Verreaux's eagle-owl
  
• Bubo scandiacus (Linnaeus, 1758) sneeuwuil
  snowy owl
  
• Buccinum undatum Linnaeus, 1758 wulk
  common whelk
  
• Buceros hydrocorax Linnaeus, 1766 rosse neushoornvogel
  rufous hornbill
  
• Bucorvus leadbeateri (Vigors, 1825) zuidelijke hoornraaf
  southern ground hornbill
  
• Bufo bufo Linnaeus, 1758 gewone pad
  common toad
  
• Busycon carica (Gmelin, 1791) knobbed whelk
  zeeslak
  
• Busycon contrarium (Conrad, 1840)
• Buteo buteo (Linnaeus, 1758) buizerd
  common buzzard
  
• Buteo lagopus (Pontoppidan, 1763) ruigpootbuizerd
  rough-legged buzzard
  
• Cacajao melanocephalus (Humboldt, 1812) zwartkopoeakari
  golden-backed uakari
  
• Cacatua galerita (Latham, 1790) grote geelkuifkaketoe
  sulphur-crested cockatoo
  
• Cacatua haematuropygia (Statius Muller, 1776) Filipijnse kaketoe
  red-vented cockatoo
  
• Cacicus haemorrhous (Linnaeus, 1766) roodstuitbuidelspreeuw
  red-rumped cacique
  
• Caiman crocodilus (Linnaeus, 1758) brilkaaiman
  common caiman
  
• Caiman yacare (Daudin, 1802) yacarekaaiman
  yacare caiman
  
• Calamites sp. Brongniart 1828 reuzenpaardenstaart
  giant horsetail
  
• Calappa ocellata Holthuis, 1958 schaamkrab
  ocellated box crab
  
• calciet calciet
  calcite
  
• Calidris alba (Pallas, 1764) drieteenstrandloper
  sanderling
  
• Calidris alpina (Linnaeus, 1758) bonte strandloper
  dunlin
  
• Calidris canutus (Linnaeus, 1758) kanoet
  red knot
  
• Calidris ferruginea (Pontoppidan, 1763) krombekstrandloper
  curlew sandpiper
  
• Calidris maritima (Brünnich, 1764) paarse strandloper
  purple sandpiper
  
• Calidris minuta (Leisler, 1812) kleine strandloper
  little stint
  
• Calidris temminckii (Leisler, 1812) Temmincks strandloper
  Temminck's stint
  
• Callichroma auricomum (Linnaeus, 1767) boktor
  longhorn beetle
  
• Callionymus lyra Linnaeus, 1758 pitvis
  common dragonet
  
• Calliphora vomitoria (Linnaeus, 1758) bluebottle fly
  blauwe vleesvlieg
  
• Callistemon rigidus R.Br.
• Callistoctopus macropus (Risso, 1826) witgevlekte octopus
  white-spotted octopus
  
• Callithrix pygmaea (Spix, 1823) pygmy marmoset
  dwergoeistiti
  
• Callonetta leucophrys (Vieillot, 1816) ringtaling
  ringed teal